Test Bank Anatomy, Physiology, & Disease 2nd Edition By Deborah Roiger

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Test Bank Anatomy, Physiology, & Disease 2nd Edition By Deborah Roiger

Anatomy, Physiology, & Disease, 2e (Roiger)

Chapter 1 The Basics

1) Anatomy is defined as the study of ________.

A) atoms

B) body structures

C) how the body functions

D) how the body malfunctions

Answer: B

Explanation: Anatomy is the study of body structure of all sizes from the smallest of cells to the largest of organs.

Section:

Topic: Basic terminology

Learning Objective: Define anatomy, physiology, and pathology.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe structural organization of the human body

2) Physiology is defined as the study of ________.

A) physics

B) body structures

C) how the body functions

D) how the body malfunctions

Answer: C

Explanation: Physiology is the study of how the structures of the body function.

Section:

Topic: Basic terminology

Learning Objective: Define anatomy, physiology, and pathology.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe structural organization of the human body

3) Anatomy and physiology are defined as the study of ________.

A) the normal and abnormal function of the body

B) body structures

C) how the body functions

D) the body’s structure and how those structures function

Answer: D

Explanation: Anatomy and physiology is the study of how the structures of the body function together under normal circumstances.

Section:

Topic: Basic terminology

Learning Objective: Define anatomy, physiology, and pathology.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe structural organization of the human body

4) What is considered standard anatomical position?

A) The body is upright, the legs are close together, the feet are flat on the floor, the arms are close to the sides, and the face and palms of the hands are facing forward.

B) The body is upright, the legs are far apart, the feet are flat on the floor, the arms are close to the sides, and the face and palms of the hands are facing forward.

C) The body is upright, the legs are close together, the feet are flat on the floor, the arms are spread far from the sides, and the face and palms of the hands are facing backward.

D) The body is lying in a horizontal position, the legs are close together, the feet are pointing upward, the arms are close to the sides, and the face and palms of the hands are facing upward.

Answer: A

Explanation: Standard anatomical position is described as the body standing upright, the legs are close together, the feet are flat on the floor, the arms are close to the sides, and the face and palms of the hands are facing forward.

Section:

Topic: Anatomical position

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

5) What do anatomical terms of direction describe?

A) The specific region in which a body part is located

B) The body’s position

C) The location of a particular structure in the body

D) The cavity that contains certain organs within the body

Answer: C

Explanation: Anatomical terms of direction are used to describe one of the following: the location of a particular structure in the body, the location of a structure relative to another structure, or the location of something within a structure. Anatomical regions describe where a body part is located. Anatomical positions describe the position of the body. Anatomical cavities describe cavities that contain organs.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

6) What anatomical term of direction is used to describe the location of the ankle in relation to the knee?

A) Proximal

B) Distal

C) Superficial

D) Ventral

Answer: B

Explanation: The ankle is distal to the knee because the ankle is farther from the connection to the body than the knee.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

7) What anatomical term of direction is used to describe the location of the nose in relation to the eyes?

A) Medial

B) Superior

C) Lateral

D) Ventral

Answer: A

Explanation: The nose is medial to the eyes because the nose is on the midline of the body and the eyes are away from the midline or lateral to the nose.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

8) What are the two major anatomical regions of the body?

A) Axial and abdominal

B) Appendicular and cephalic

C) Axial and appendicular

D) Cephalic and thoracic

Answer: C

Explanation: The two major anatomical regions of the body are axial and appendicular, while cephalic, abdominal, and thoracic are examples of subdivisions of the two major regions.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

9) If a person sustained cervical dislocation in an accident, what region of his/her body was affected?

A) Head

B) Neck

C) Chest

D) Face

Answer: B

Explanation: The person’s neck is affected because the term cervical is the anatomical region of the body that refers to the neck.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

10) What are the two different ways the abdominal region of the body can be divided?

A) The abdominal region can be divided into 4 quadrants or 2 regions.

B) The abdominal region can be divided into 4 regions or 6 quadrants.

C) The abdominal region can be divided into 4 quadrants or 9 regions.

D) The abdominal region can only be divided into 4 regions.

Answer: C

Explanation: The abdominal region can be divided in one of two ways: into four quadrants or into nine regions similar to a tic-tac-toe grid. The four quadrants are: the right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, and left lower quadrant. Starting from top right, the nine regions of the abdomen are: the right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar region, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right inguinal region, hypogastric region, and left inguinal region.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

11) Which of the following organs is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen?

A) Heart

B) Lungs

C) Left kidney

D) Liver

Answer: D

Explanation: The liver is in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The other organs listed are not located in the abdomen.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

12) In which of the following regions of the abdomen is the navel located?

A) Right hypogastric

B) Left hypogastric

C) Epigastric

D) Umbilical

Answer: D

Explanation: The navel is in the umbilical region of the abdomen.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

13) Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition that affects what region of the body?

A) Foot

B) Arm

C) Leg

D) Wrist

Answer: D

Explanation: The anatomical term, carpal, refers to the wrist.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Identify common pathology related to each body system

14) Which of the following anatomical terms of direction refer to the dorsal side of the body?

A) Posterior

B) Anterior

C) Superior

D) Inferior

Answer: A

Explanation: The anatomical term posterior refers to the backside or dorsal side of the body.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

15) Where is the diaphragm in relation to the lungs?

A) Superficial

B) Deep

C) Superior

D) Inferior

Answer: D

Explanation: The diaphragm is inferior to the lungs because it is farther from the top of the head than the lungs.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

16) All of the following describe an anatomical region except which one?

A) Axial

B) Cubital

C) Bilateral

D) Tarsal

Answer: C

Explanation: Bilateral describes an anatomical term of direction not an anatomical region.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

17) All of the following describe an anatomical term of direction except which one?

A) Right

B) Cubital

C) Bilateral

D) Medial

Answer: B

Explanation: Cubital describes an anatomical region not an anatomical term of direction.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

18) All of the following describe an anatomical term of direction except which one?

A) Proximal

B) Superior

C) Bilateral

D) Transverse

Answer: D

Explanation: Transverse describes an anatomical plane not an anatomical term of direction.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

19) All of the following describe an anatomical region except which one?

A) Sagittal

B) Inguinal

C) Appendicular

D) Plantar

Answer: A

Explanation: Sagittal describes an anatomical plane not an anatomical region.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

20) How does a sagittal plane separate the body?

A) Top from bottom

B) Right from left

C) Front from back

D) Up from down

Answer: B

Explanation: A sagittal plane separates the body right from left.

Section:

Topic: Body planes and sections

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

21) If a plane is exactly down the midline of the body, this is called ________.

A) midline

B) medial

C) midsagittal

D) coronal

Answer: C

Explanation: A midsagittal plane separates the body right from left, exactly down the midline.

Section:

Topic: Body planes and sections

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

22) How does a transverse plane separate the body?

A) Top from bottom

B) Right from left

C) Front from back

D) Up from down

Answer: A

Explanation: A transverse plane separates the body top from bottom.

Section:

Topic: Body planes and sections

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

23) Which of the following terms describes an anatomical plane that separates the body top from bottom?

A) Sagittal

B) Transverse

C) Midsagittal

D) Frontal

Answer: B

Explanation: A transverse plane separates the body top from bottom.

Section:

Topic: Body planes and sections

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

24) How does a frontal or coronal plane separate the body?

A) Top from bottom

B) Right from left

C) Front from back

D) Up from down

Answer: C

Explanation: A frontal or coronal plane separates the body front from back.

Section:

Topic: Body planes and sections

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

25) Which of the following terms describes an anatomical plane that separates the body front from back?

A) Sagittal

B) Transverse

C) Midsagittal

D) Frontal or coronal

Answer: D

Explanation: A frontal or coronal plane separates the body front from back.

Section:

Topic: Body planes and sections

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

26) What kind of term can be used to describe the position of the entire body or a body part?

A) Anatomical plane

B) Anatomical region

C) Anatomical cavity

D) Anatomical position

Answer: D

Explanation: A term of anatomical position, such as prone or supine, can be used to describe the position of the entire body or a body part.

Section:

Topic: Anatomical position

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

27) Which anatomical term of position describes the anterior surface facing up?

A) Supine

B) Ventral

C) Anterior

D) Prone

Answer: A

Explanation: Supine describes the anatomical position in which the anterior surface faces up while prone describes the anterior surface facing down. Ventral and anterior describe anatomical terms of direction not position.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

28) Which anatomical term of position describes the anterior surface facing down?

A) Supine

B) Ventral

C) Anterior

D) Prone

Answer: D

Explanation: Prone describes the anatomical position in which the anterior surface faces down while supine describes the anterior surface facing up. Ventral and anterior describe anatomical terms of direction not position.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

29) In standard anatomical position, the palms are in what position?

A) Supine

B) Ventral

C) Anterior

D) Prone

Answer: A

Explanation: Standard anatomical position has the palms facing up or in a supine position.

Section:

Topic: Anatomical position

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

30) A patient lying on his/her ventral or anterior surface, face down would be in what position?

A) Supine

B) Dorsal

C) Posterior

D) Prone

Answer: D

Explanation: A patient lying on his/her ventral or anterior surface, face down would be in the prone position. Dorsal and posterior describe terms of anatomical direction not position.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

31) Which of the following is not an anatomical cavity in the body?

A) Thoracic

B) Dorsal

C) Inguinal

D) Abdominal

Answer: C

Explanation: Inguinal is an anatomical region not an anatomical cavity.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

32) The thoracic cavity can be subdivided into which two cavities?

A) Abdominal and pelvic cavities

B) Cranial and vertebral cavities

C) Pleural and pericardial cavities

D) Thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavities

Answer: C

Explanation: The thoracic cavity includes anatomical cavities in chest, pleural and pericardial.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

33) The abdominopelvic cavity can be subdivided into which two cavities?

A) Abdominal and pelvic cavities

B) Cranial and vertebral cavities

C) Pleural and pericardial cavities

D) Thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavities

Answer: A

Explanation: The abdominopelvic cavity includes anatomical cavities in the abdominal and pelvic regions in the body.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

34) How many anatomical cavities does the thoracic cavity contain?

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) 4

Answer: C

Explanation: The thoracic cavity contains three anatomical cavities, two pleural cavities, and one pericardial cavity.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

35) Which membrane lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities?

A) Meninges

B) Pleurae

C) Pericardium

D) Peritoneum

Answer: D

Explanation: The abdominal and pelvic cavities are lined by the peritoneum.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

36) Which organs are associated with the dorsal cavity?

A) Brain and spinal cord

B) Lungs and heart

C) Digestive organs

D) Reproductive organs

Answer: A

Explanation: The brain and spinal cord are housed in the dorsal cavity.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

37) What is the mediastinum?

A) The wall separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity

B) The three layers of membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord

C) The space between the pleural cavities that contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and major vessels

D) Another name for the anatomical cavity located in the middle of the body

Answer: C

Explanation: The space between the pleural cavities that contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and major vessels is called the mediastinum.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

38) Which of the following set of anatomical cavities has an organ that serves as a wall between the two?

A) Cranial and vertebral

B) Pleural and pericardial

C) Abdominal and pelvic

D) Thoracic and abdominopelvic

Answer: D

Explanation: There is no wall dividing the cranial and vertebral cavities, pleural and pericardial cavities, or the abdominal from the pelvic cavity. The diaphragm serves as a wall separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

39) Which of the following cavities contain serous membranes?

A) Cranial

B) Inguinal

C) Thoracic

D) Brachial

Answer: C

Explanation: The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities contain fluid-filled serous membranes, which line the cavities and surround the organs. The cranial and vertebral cavities are lined by the meninges. Inguinal and brachial are regions not cavities.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

40) What is a serous membrane?

A) A single layered membrane

B) A double layered membrane with air between the two layers

C) A double layered membrane that contains fluid between the two layers

D) A membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord

Answer: C

Explanation: Serous membranes are double layered membranes that contain fluid between the two layers.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

41) Which of the following statements is false regarding serous membranes?

A) Serous membranes are found in the thoracic and cranial body cavities.

B) Serous membranes have fluid between the two membrane layers.

C) The pleurae and peritoneum are examples of serous membranes.

D) Serous membranes are double layered membranes.

Answer: A

Explanation: Serous membranes are found in the thoracic cavity but not in the cranial cavity.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

42) Which membrane surrounds the lungs in the thoracic cavity?

A) Meninges

B) Pleura

C) Pericardium

D) Peritoneum

Answer: B

Explanation: A serous membrane called the pleura surrounds each of the lungs in the thoracic cavity.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

43) Which membrane surrounds the heart in the thoracic cavity?

A) Meninges

B) Pleura

C) Pericardium

D) Peritoneum

Answer: C

Explanation: The heart is surrounded by a serous membrane called the pericardium.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

44) Which of the following statements is false regarding the pericardium?

A) The pericardium is an example of a serous membrane.

B) The pericardium is composed of two layers, the visceral pleura and parietal pericardium.

C) The visceral layer of the pericardium is in contact with the heart.

D) Pericardial fluid fills the space between the two layers of the pericardium.

Answer: B

Explanation: The pericardium is composed of two layers, the visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium. The visceral pleura is a part of the serous membrane that surrounds the lungs.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

45) Which organ is surrounded by the pericardium?

A) Lung

B) Intestines

C) Heart

D) Kidney

Answer: C

Explanation: The heart is surrounded by a serous membrane called the pericardium.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

46) Which organs are surrounded by the pleural membrane?

A) Lungs

B) Intestines

C) Heart

D) Kidneys

Answer: A

Explanation: The lungs are surrounded by a serous membrane called the pleural membrane.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

47) What is homeostasis?

A) The body’s ability to maintain a steady internal environment

B) Negative feedback

C) Positive feedback

D) The body’s ability to function outside of the optimal range

Answer: A

Explanation: Homeostasis is an important unifying concept in physiology that all structures function together in the human body to maintain a steady internal environment.

Section:

Topic: Definition of homeostasis

Learning Objective: Define homeostasis and explain why it is so important in human physiology.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe the normal function of each body system

48) Which of the following statements is an example of the body’s ability to maintain homeostasis?

A) Michael has been sick with the flu and he has a fever.

B) Bill must be sure to take his blood pressure medication in order to control his chronic hypertension.

C) Mary had a physical and was pleased to hear that her blood pressure was within the normal range.

D) Connie has diabetes and must take insulin injections to control her high blood glucose levels.

Answer: C

Explanation: Homeostasis is the human body’s ability to maintain a steady internal environment. Keeping blood pressure within the normal range is an example of this.

Section:

Topic: Definition of homeostasis

Learning Objective: Define homeostasis and explain why it is so important in human physiology.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Describe the normal function of each body system

49) What is negative feedback?

A) The body’s ability to maintain homeostasis

B) The process the body uses to reverse the direction of movement away from homeostasis

C) The process the body uses to increase the movement away from homeostasis

D) The body’s ability to function outside of the optimal range

Answer: B

Explanation: Negative feedback is the process the body uses to reverse the direction of movement away from homeostasis.

Section:

Topic: Types of homeostatic mechanisms

Learning Objective: Define negative feedback and positive feedback and explain their importance to homeostasis.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe the normal function of each body system

50) All of the following are examples of negative feedback except ________.

A) sweating in response to elevated body temperature

B) secretion of insulin in response to increased blood glucose

C) secretion of glucagon in response to decreased blood glucose

D) uterine contractions in response to the pressure of the baby’s head on the cervix

Answer: D

Explanation: As the fetus reaches full term, its head pushes on the cervix. The increased pressure on the cervix causes the cervix to release prostaglandins, which cause the uterus to contract, moving away from homeostasis. The contractions cause the fetal head to push harder on the cervix which increases the pressure. The cervix responds by making more prostaglandins, leading to more contractions, further increasing the fetal head’s pressure on the cervix.

Section:

Topic: Types of homeostatic mechanisms

Learning Objective: Define negative feedback and positive feedback and explain their importance to homeostasis.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Describe the normal function of each body system

51) What is positive feedback?

A) The body’s ability to maintain homeostasis

B) The process the body uses to reverse the direction of movement away from homeostasis

C) The process the body uses to increase the movement away from homeostasis

D) The body’s ability to function outside of the optimal range

Answer: C

Explanation: Positive feedback is the process the body uses to increase the movement away from homeostasis.

Section:

Topic: Types of homeostatic mechanisms

Learning Objective: Define negative feedback and positive feedback and explain their importance to homeostasis.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe the normal function of each body system

52) Positive feedback includes ________.

A) sweating in response to elevated body temperature

B) secretion of insulin in response to increased blood glucose

C) secretion of glucagon in response to decreased blood glucose

D) uterine contractions in response to the pressure of the baby’s head on the cervix

E) All of the other answers are examples of negative feedback

Answer: D

Section:

Topic: Examples of homeostatic mechanisms

Learning Objective: Define negative feedback and positive feedback and explain their importance to homeostasis.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Describe the normal function of each body system

53) Which of the following statements regarding homeostasis is false?

A) If the body detects a change and works to make the levels move even farther away from homeostasis, that is positive feedback.

B) If the body detects a change beyond its normal homeostasis range (either too high or too low) and it works to reach its homeostasis range by reversing the direction of movement, that is positive feedback.

C) Homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain a steady internal environment. This is achieved using positive and negative feedback mechanisms.

D) Homeostasis is the body’s ability to overcome an imbalanced internal environment. This is achieved using positive and negative feedback mechanisms.

Answer: B

Explanation: If the body detects a change beyond its normal homeostasis range (either too high or too low) and it works to reach its homeostasis range by reversing the direction of movement, that is negative feedback.

Section:

Topic: Types of homeostatic mechanisms

Learning Objective: Define homeostasis and explain why it is so important in human physiology.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Describe the normal function of each body system

54) Which of the anatomical terms of direction describes the diaphragm’s relation to the stomach?

A) Inferior

B) Superior

C) Anterior

D) Posterior

Answer: B

Explanation: The diaphragm is closer to the top of the head than the stomach, therefore it is superior.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

55) Related to affecting two sides refers to which of the following anatomical terms of direction?

A) Bilateral

B) Superior

C) Anterior

D) Lateral

Answer: A

Explanation: Bilateral refers to two sides and lateral refers to away from the midline.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

56) Closer to the connection to the body refers to which of the following anatomical terms of direction?

A) Distal

B) Superficial

C) Deep

D) Proximal

Answer: D

Explanation: Proximal is the anatomical term that refers to closer to the connection of the body.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

57) Which of the anatomical terms of direction best describes the wrist’s relationship to the shoulder?

A) Proximal

B) Superior

C) Distal

D) Posterior

Answer: C

Explanation: The wrist is farther from the connection to the body; therefore it is distal to the shoulder.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

58) Which of the anatomical terms of direction describes the relation of the hypodermis to the epidermis?

A) Superficial

B) Superior

C) Deep

D) Distal

Answer: C

Explanation: The hypodermis is under the dermis or farther from the surface, therefore it is deep to the dermis.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

59) Which of the anatomical regions houses the stomach?

A) Abdominal

B) Axillary

C) Appendicular

D) Anterior

Answer: A

Explanation: The stomach is in the abdominal region of the body.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

60) The lungs are housed in which of the following anatomical regions?

A) Axial

B) Axillary

C) Appendicular

D) Abdominal

Answer: A

Explanation: The axial region includes the head, neck, and trunk and therefore houses the lungs. The axillary region of the body refers to the armpit.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

61) Bryan has a blister on the surface of his palm from raking the leaves. Which set of anatomical terms correctly describes Bryan’s blister?

A) Bryan has a superficial blister on the palmar surface of his palm in the appendicular region of his body.

B) Bryan has a superior blister on the palmar surface of his palm in the appendicular region of his body.

C) Bryan has a superficial blister on the plantar surface of his palm in the appendicular region of his body.

D) Bryan has a superficial blister on the palmar surface of his palm in the axial region of his body.

Answer: A

Explanation: Superficial is the correct anatomical term of direction because it is used when describing layered structures. Palmar is the term used to refer to the palm of the hand. The hands are attached to the arms which are in the appendicular region of the body.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

62) Susan has a tumor on her left ovary. Which set of anatomical terms correctly describes Susan’s tumor?

A) Susan has a deep, lateral tumor located in the pelvic region of her body.

B) Susan has a deep, bilateral tumor located in the pelvic region of her body.

C) Susan has a deep tumor located in the abdominal region of her body.

D) Susan has a deep tumor located in the appendicular region of her body.

Answer: A

Explanation: Ovaries are organs that are considered to be located deep within the body. The tumor is on the left side, not both sides; therefore lateral is the correct anatomical term. The ovaries are reproductive organs that are located in the pelvic region of the body.

Section:

Topic: Directional terms

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

63) The femoral region refers to which part of the body?

A) Knee

B) Ankle

C) Thigh

D) Leg

Answer: C

Explanation: The femoral region specifically refers to the thigh.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

64) The cubital region refers to which part of the body?

A) Wrist

B) Elbow

C) Arm

D) Hand

Answer: B

Explanation: The cubital region specifically refers to the elbow.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

65) The anterior cubital region refers to which part of the body?

A) Wrist

B) Front of the elbow

C) Upper arm

D) Back of the hand

Answer: B

Explanation: The anterior cubital region specifically refers to the front of the elbow.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

66) The posterior patellar region refers to which part of the body?

A) Knee

B) Front of the knee

C) Upper knee

D) Back of the knee

Answer: D

Explanation: The posterior patellar region specifically refers to the back of the knee.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

67) The dorsal cavity houses all of the following organs except which one?

A) Brain

B) Spinal cord

C) Vertebrae

D) Lungs

Answer: D

Explanation: The dorsal cavity contains the cranial and vertebral cavities which together house the brain and spinal cord, and associated structures. The lungs are in the thoracic cavity.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

68) The thoracic cavity houses all of the following structures except which one?

A) Heart

B) Lungs

C) Pleural membrane

D) Peritoneum

Answer: D

Explanation: The peritoneum is located in the abdominopelvic cavity.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

69) Separating the right and left side of the body is achieved by what anatomical plane?

A) Sagittal

B) Transverse

C) Frontal

D) Coronal

Answer: A

Explanation: The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left sides.

Section:

Topic: Body planes and sections

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

70) Separating the top and bottom half of the body is achieved by what anatomical plane?

A) Sagittal

B) Transverse

C) Frontal

D) Coronal

Answer: B

Explanation: The transverse plane divides the body into top and bottom.

Section:

Topic: Body planes and sections

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

71) Separating the front and back half of the body is achieved by what anatomical plane?

A) Sagittal

B) Transverse

C) Frontal

D) Midsagittal

Answer: C

Explanation: The frontal plane divides the body into front and back halves.

Section:

Topic: Body planes and sections

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

72) Which of the following organs are housed in the mediastinum?

A) Kidneys

B) Lungs

C) Esophagus

D) Spleen

Answer: C

Explanation: The mediastinum is located between the pleural cavities and contains the heart, great vessels, trachea, thymus, and esophagus.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

73) All of the following organs are housed in the mediastinum except which one?

A) Heart

B) Lungs

C) Esophagus

D) Trachea

Answer: B

Explanation: The mediastinum is located between the pleural cavities and contains the heart, great vessels, trachea, thymus, and esophagus.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

74) Which part of the pleural membrane is in direct contact with the lungs?

A) Visceral

B) Parietal

C) Pleura

D) Peritoneum

Answer: A

Explanation: The part of the pleural membrane in direct contact with the lung is called the visceral pleura. The part of the pleural membrane not in direct contact with the lung is the parietal pleura.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

75) Which part of the pleural membrane is not in direct contact with the lungs?

A) Visceral

B) Parietal

C) Pleura

D) Peritoneum

Answer: B

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Locate serous membranes by their individual names and relative location to organs.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

76) The dorsal cavity can be subdivided into which two cavities?

A) Abdominal and pelvic cavities

B) Cranial and vertebral cavities

C) Pleural and pericardial cavities

D) Thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavities

Answer: B

Explanation: The dorsal cavity includes anatomical cavities in the posterior region of the body, cranial and vertebral.

Section:

Topic: Body cavities and regions

Learning Objective: Describe the location of structures in the human body using anatomical terms of direction, regions, planes, positions, and cavities.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Describe body planes, directional terms, quadrants, and cavities

77) Pathology is defined as the study of ________.

A) disease

B) body structures

C) how the body functions

D) pathways throughout the body

Answer: A

Explanation: Pathology is the study of disease.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define anatomy, physiology, and pathology.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

78) Disease is defined as ________.

A) the body’s internal balance

B) normally functioning organs or organ systems resulting in a homeostasis

C) abnormally functioning organs or organ systems where the body’s internal balance is maintained

D) abnormally functioning organs or organ systems resulting in a disruption in homeostasis

Answer: D

Explanation: Disease is defined as abnormally functioning organs or organ systems resulting in a disruption in homeostasis.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define disease and describe the relationship between disease and homeostasis.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

79) Malaise is described as ________.

A) fever

B) a feeling of general discomfort

C) a genetic abnormality

D) malnutrition

Answer: B

Explanation: Malaise can be described as a general feeling of discomfort.

Section:

Learning Objective: Differentiate between signs and symptoms of disease and give an example of each.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

80) Which of the following can indicate a disease may be present?

A) Malaise

B) Inflammation

C) Abnormal diagnostic test results

D) All of the answer choices can indicate the presence of disease.

Answer: D

Explanation: Signs and symptoms that may appear, such as a fever, malaise (a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness), inflammation, or abnormal diagnostic test results can all indicate the presence of disease.

Section:

Learning Objective: Differentiate between signs and symptoms of disease and give an example of each.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

81) What are predisposing factors of disease?

A) Factors that affect people’s health

B) Factors under a person’s control such as lifestyle and environment

C) Factors that a person cannot control such as age, gender, and heredity

D) All of these answer choices are correct

Answer: D

Explanation: Predisposing factors are risk factors or activities that people participate in that can affect their health. Predisposing factors play a large role in a person’s overall health status. These include factors that cannot be controlled, such as age, heredity, and gender, that contribute to a person’s health, as well as factors that can be controlled, such as lifestyle and the environment. All of these risk factors can collectively influence a person’s ability to either recover from disease or avoid certain pathological conditions altogether.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

82) Which of the following is not considered a predisposing factor of disease?

A) How old you are

B) Whether you are male or female

C) Your symptoms of disease

D) Your genetic makeup

Answer: C

Explanation: Symptoms indicate whether disease is present but they are not considered a predisposing factor of disease.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

83) Which predisposing factor of disease can be controlled by the individual?

A) Age

B) Lifestyle

C) Gender

D) Heredity

Answer: B

Explanation: Predisposing factors play a large role in a person’s overall health status. These include factors that cannot be controlled, such as age, heredity, and gender, that contribute to a person’s health, as well as factors that can be controlled, such as lifestyle and the environment.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

84) Which predisposing factor of disease cannot be controlled by the individual?

A) Age

B) Lifestyle

C) Environment

D) All of these predisposing factors can be controlled by the individual.

Answer: A

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

85) Which category of childhood diseases is characterized by a defect being present at birth?

A) Infectious disease

B) Congenital disorder

C) Genetic disorder

D) Developmental disorder

Answer: B

Explanation: Congenital disorders are those present at birth.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

86) Which category of childhood diseases is characterized by an event that disrupts the normal development of the child?

A) Infectious disease

B) Congenital disorder

C) Genetic disorder

D) Developmental disorder

Answer: D

Explanation: Developmental disorders are caused by an event that may occur while the child is developing in the womb, at birth, or after the child is born. This type of disorder may interrupt normal development, either in a single area of development or several different areas of development.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

87) Which category of childhood diseases is caused by inherited genes which have been passed to children by their parents?

A) Infectious disease

B) Congenital disorder

C) Genetic disorder

D) Developmental disorder

Answer: C

Explanation: Genetic disorders are diseases caused by inherited genes, which are passed to children by their parents.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

88) Which type of disease results from an infection caused by a microorganism?

A) Infectious disease

B) Congenital disorder

C) Genetic disorder

D) Developmental disorder

Answer: A

Explanation: Infectious diseases result from being infected by a microorganism such as a bacterium or virus.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

89) Which statement correctly describes why children are more susceptible to infectious diseases?

A) Children inherit this susceptibility from their parents.

B) A child’s immune system is not fully developed and continues to mature throughout childhood.

C) Children are not as clean as adults.

D) Children are not more susceptible to infectious diseases.

Answer: B

Explanation: Babies are born with partially developed immune systems. The immune system is responsible for helping fight disease throughout a person’s lifetime. A child’s immune system continues to mature throughout childhood. For this reason, children are often more vulnerable to infectious diseases, which result from being infected by a microorganism such as a bacterium or virus.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

90) Which statement regarding age as a predisposing factor is false?

A) Children and the elderly are more susceptible to disease due to age.

B) This predisposing factor can be controlled by an individual.

C) As people live longer they become more susceptible to disease.

D) Children are more susceptible to diseases than adults because of their age.

Answer: B

Explanation: The predisposing factor, age, cannot be controlled by the individual. A child is more susceptible to disease because their immune system is still developing. The elderly are more susceptible to disease because their body functions reduce as they get older. Neither of these instances can be controlled by an individual.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

91) Which statement regarding the elderly and age as predisposing factor to disease is false?

A) All organs have the ability to regenerate so they work better as one gets older.

B) Aging changes normal body function.

C) As people live longer they become more susceptible to disease.

D) General body function is reduced as people age.

Answer: A

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

92) Which predisposing factor refers to the genetic makeup of an individual?

A) Heredity

B) Lifestyle

C) Environment

D) Gender

Answer: A

Explanation: Heredity refers to the genetic makeup of an individual.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

93) Which predisposing factor refers to the sex of an individual?

A) Age

B) Lifestyle

C) Environment

D) Gender

Answer: D

Explanation: Gender refers to the sex of an individual.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define predisposing factors of disease and explain how specific predisposing factors affect disease.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

94) Which of the following statements is true regarding signs and symptoms of disease?

A) Signs cannot be measured.

B) Symptoms are objective signals of disease.

C) Symptoms cannot be measured.

D) Nausea is considered a sign.

Answer: C

Explanation: Symptoms are subjective signals of disease that cannot be measured.

Section:

Learning Objective: Differentiate between signs and symptoms of disease and give an example of each.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

95) Which of the following is an example of a sign of disease?

A) Fever

B) Vomiting

C) Headache

D) Nausea

Answer: A

Explanation: Symptoms are subjective signals of disease that cannot be measured. Signs are observable and measurable. A fever can be measured.

Section:

Learning Objective: Differentiate between signs and symptoms of disease and give an example of each.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

96) Which of the following is an example of a symptom of disease?

A) High blood pressure

B) Fever

C) Weight gain

D) Nausea

Answer: D

Explanation: Symptoms are subjective signals of disease that cannot be measured.

Section:

Learning Objective: Differentiate between signs and symptoms of disease and give an example of each.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

97) What is pain?

A) The body’s immune response to injury

B) A defense mechanism used by the body to warn a person that everything is alright

C) The increase of blood flow to an injured area

D) Physical suffering or distress due to injury or illness

Answer: D

Explanation: Pain is physical suffering or distress due to injury or illness.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

98) What is the purpose of experiencing pain?

A) So the body’s immune system can respond to injury

B) To serve as a defense mechanism to warn the person that there is a problem

C) To increase blood flow to an injured area

D) To cause suffering or distress during injury or illness

Answer: B

Explanation: The physiology, or function, of pain serves as a defense mechanism to warn the person that there is a problem.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

99) Which of the following happens during inflammation?

A) Blood vessels dilate.

B) Fluid leaks out of blood vessels causing swelling.

C) Blood flow to the injured area is increased.

D) All of the answers happen during inflammation.

Answer: D

Explanation: The damaged tissues produce chemicals called mediators of inflammation, which diffuse away from the damaged area and cause any blood vessels they meet to dilate. This brings more blood flow to the area. The increased blood flow accounts for the redness and heat. Blood vessels become more permeable when they dilate. Fluid from the blood leaks out into the surrounding damaged tissue, causing it to swell. This extra fluid increases pressure on the nerve endings, creating the pain.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

100) What is inflammation?

A) The body’s normal immune response to injury and disease

B) The decrease of blood flow to an injured area

C) Physical suffering or distress due to injury or illness

D) A defense mechanism to warn the person that there is a problem

Answer: A

Explanation: Inflammation is the body’s normal immune response to injury and disease.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

101) Which statement regarding inflammation is false?

A) Inflammation causes pain.

B) Inflammation causes redness.

C) Inflammation causes a cool feeling to the injured area.

D) Inflammation causes swelling.

Answer: C

Explanation: Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are signs of inflammation.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

102) Which statement regarding inflammation is true?

A) Decreased blood flow causes redness and heat.

B) Increased blood flow causes vessel dilation.

C) Increased blood flow causes swelling

D) Increased fluid leaking from blood vessels causes swelling.

Answer: D

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

103) Which class of disease is caused by pathogens?

A) Infectious diseases

B) Cancers

C) Immune disorders

D) Trauma

Answer: A

Explanation: Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

104) Which class of disease is characterized by uncontrollable cell growth?

A) Infectious diseases

B) Cancers

C) Immune disorders

D) Trauma

Answer: B

Explanation: Cancers are characterized by uncontrolled cell growth.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

105) Which class of disease results from the inability of the body to effectively defend itself?

A) Genetic disorders

B) Cancers

C) Immune disorders

D) Mental disorders

Answer: C

Explanation: Immune disorders result from the inability of the body to effectively defend itself.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

106) Which statement correctly describes hypersensitivity?

A) Hypersensitivity can range from mild to severe.

B) Hypersensitivity involves an overreaction of the immune system to an allergen.

C) Severe hypersensitivity may cause anaphylaxis.

D) All of these statements correctly describe hypersensitivity.

Answer: D

Explanation: Hypersensitivities, or allergies, involve an overreaction of the immune system to an allergen. This reaction results in a variety of symptoms ranging from hives or congestion to more severe reactions that can result in the inability to breathe causing anaphylactic shock. Anaphylaxis is a severe, systemic reaction that can cause tightening of the airway and other symptoms, including abdominal pain, hives, slurred speech, and wheezing.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

107) Which immune disorder is characterized as an inability of the immune system to distinguish between its own tissues and foreign tissue or cells?

A) Autoimmune disorders

B) Hypersensitivities

C) Immunodeficiency disorders

D) Anaphylaxis

Answer: A

Explanation: Autoimmune disorders are characterized as an inability of the immune system to distinguish between its own tissues and foreign tissue or cells.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

108) Which type of immune disorder causes a deficiency in the immune system’s ability to defend the body?

A) Autoimmune disorders

B) Hypersensitivities

C) Immunodeficiency disorders

D) Anaphylaxis

Answer: C

Explanation: Immunodeficiency disorders are characterized as immune disorders that cause a deficiency in the immune system’s ability to defend the body.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

109) Which immune disorder involves an overreaction of the immune system to an allergen?

A) Autoimmune disorders

B) Hypersensitivities

C) Immunodeficiency disorders

D) HIV

Answer: B

Explanation: Immunodeficiency disorders are characterized as immune disorders that cause a deficiency in the immune system’s ability to defend the body. Hypersensitivities are simply an over-reaction, like ;

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

110) Which class of disease results from abnormalities in the genetic code?

A) Genetic disorders

B) Cancers

C) Immune disorders

D) Trauma

Answer: A

Explanation: Genetic disorders result from abnormalities in the genetic code.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

111) In the case of a genetic disorder, how can the genetic code be changed?

A) By a carcinogen

B) By a mutagen

C) By a trauma

D) None of these answers are correct

Answer: B

Explanation: The changes in the genetic code can be inherited, occur spontaneously, or be a result of exposure to a mutagen, an agent capable of causing a genetic mutation.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

112) What is a mutagen?

A) An agent that causes an allergic response

B) An agent that causes cancer

C) An agent that causes a genetic mutation

D) An agent that causes an immunodeficiency

Answer: C

Explanation: A mutagen is an agent capable of causing a genetic mutation.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

113) Which class of disorders includes conditions of the mind?

A) Genetic disorders

B) Cancers

C) Mental disorders

D) Trauma

Answer: C

Explanation: Mental disorders include conditions of the mind.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

114) Which class of disorders is characterized by a wound or shock caused by an injury?

A) Genetic disorders

B) Cancers

C) Mental disorders

D) Trauma

Answer: D

Explanation: Trauma can be defined as a wound or shock produced by an injury.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

115) Which step in determining a diagnosis involves collecting information from the patient?

A) Obtaining a medical history

B) Performing an examination

C) Using diagnostic screening tools and tests

D) Comparing test results with normal findings

Answer: A

Explanation: Determining a diagnosis is a step-by-step process that involves collecting a patient history, performing an examination, and utilizing diagnostic screening tools and tests.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define diagnosis and list the steps involved in diagnosing diseases.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

116) Which of the following can help a physician develop a diagnosis?

A) Diagnostic test results

B) Obtaining a medical history from the patient

C) Performing a medical exam

D) All of these will help a physician develop a diagnosis

Answer: D

Explanation: Determining a diagnosis is a step-by-step process that involves collecting a patient history, performing an examination, and utilizing diagnostic screening tools and tests.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define diagnosis and list the steps involved in diagnosing diseases.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

117) When can a differential diagnosis be used?

A) When all the information collected clearly points to one disease or disorder

B) When signs, symptoms, and results of the diagnostic examination do not yield enough information to diagnose the patient with a specific disease

C) When test results are inaccurate

D) When diagnostic test results have not been reviewed by the physician

Answer: B

Explanation: A differential diagnosis can be used when signs, symptoms, and results of the diagnostic examination do not yield enough information to diagnose the patient with a specific disease.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define differential diagnosis and explain when it may be used.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Identify common pathology related to each body system

118) What is a differential diagnosis?

A) Interpretation of all the data collected to determine the cause of the problem

B) A diagnosis used when more than one disease is responsible for the patient’s condition

C) A treatment plan

D) A predicted outcome of how the patient will recover from the disease

Answer: B

Section:

Learning Objective: Define differential diagnosis and explain when it may be used.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Identify common pathology related to each body system

119) What type of treatment plan is used to make a patient more comfortable?

A) Palliative

B) Curative

C) Therapeutic

D) Preventive

Answer: A

Explanation: Palliative treatment is used when a disease cannot be cured. The goal of this type of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable during the terminal stages of the disease. Curative treatment is a treatment regimen designed to cure the patient of the disease. Therapeutic treatment might involve a long-term care plan designed to restore a patient’s normal body function. Preventive treatment is an increasingly significant approach in health care today. The idea that steps can be taken to prevent disease from happening is becoming more accepted.

Section:

Learning Objective: Summarize four types of treatment plans.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: implications for treatment related to pathology.

120) An organ transplant falls under what treatment plan?

A) Palliative

B) Curative

C) Therapeutic

D) Preventive

Answer: C

Section:

Learning Objective: Summarize four types of treatment plans.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: implications for treatment related to pathology.

121) Which treatment plan may involve a recommendation to eat healthy and exercise regularly?

A) Palliative

B) Curative

C) Therapeutic

D) Preventive

Answer: D

Section:

Learning Objective: Summarize four types of treatment plans.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: implications for treatment related to pathology.

122) Which treatment plan may involve physical therapy after an injury?

A) Palliative

B) Curative

C) Therapeutic

D) Preventive

Answer: C

Section:

Learning Objective: Summarize four types of treatment plans.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: implications for treatment related to pathology.

123) Which statement describes palliative treatment?

A) The goal of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable.

B) The goal of treatment is to cure the patient of the disease.

C) The goal of treatment is to restore normal function.

D) The goal of treatment is to prevent disease.

Answer: A

Explanation: Palliative treatment is used when a disease cannot be cured. The goal of this type of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable. Curative treatment is a treatment regimen designed to cure the patient of the disease. Therapeutic treatment might involve a long-term care plan designed to restore a patient’s normal body function. Preventive treatment is an increasingly significant approach in health care today. The idea that steps can be taken to prevent disease from happening is becoming more accepted.

Section:

Learning Objective: Summarize four types of treatment plans.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: implications for treatment related to pathology.

124) Which statement describes curative treatment?

A) The goal of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable during the terminal stages of the disease.

B) The goal of treatment is to cure the patient of the disease.

C) The goal of treatment is to restore normal function.

D) The goal of treatment is to prevent disease.

Answer: B

Section:

Learning Objective: Summarize four types of treatment plans.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: implications for treatment related to pathology.

125) Which statement describes therapeutic treatment?

A) The goal of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable during the terminal stages of the disease.

B) The goal of treatment is to cure the patient of the disease.

C) The goal of treatment is to restore normal function.

D) The goal of treatment is to prevent disease.

Answer: C

Section:

Learning Objective: Summarize four types of treatment plans.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: implications for treatment related to pathology.

126) Which statement describes preventative treatment?

A) The goal of treatment is to make a patient more comfortable during the terminal stages of the disease.

B) The goal of treatment is to cure the patient of the disease.

C) The goal of treatment is to restore normal function.

D) The goal of treatment is to prevent disease.

Answer: D

Section:

Learning Objective: Summarize four types of treatment plans.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: implications for treatment related to pathology.

127) Which statement correctly compares palliative and curative treatment plans?

A) Palliative and curative treatment are both used to restore normal function.

B) Palliative treatment is used to cure the patient and curative treatment is used to make the patient more comfortable in the terminal stages of disease.

C) Palliative treatment is used to prevent disease and curative treatment is used to make the patient more comfortable in the terminal stages of disease.

D) Palliative treatment is used to make the patient more comfortable, and curative treatment is used to cure the patient.

Answer: D

Section:

Learning Objective: Summarize four types of treatment plans.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: implications for treatment related to pathology.

128) What is epidemiology?

A) The study of how disease affects the overall health and well-being of a population

B) The rate and range of the occurrence of the disease

C) How widespread the occurrence of the disease may be

D) None of these answers are correct

Answer: A

Explanation: Epidemiology is the study of how disease affects the overall health and well-being of a population. The incidence of disease refers to the rate and range of the occurrence of the disease. The prevalence of disease refers to how widespread the occurrence of the disease may be.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define epidemiology and explain how epidemiology affects health care.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

129) What is incidence of disease?

A) The study of how disease affects the overall health and well-being of a population

B) The number of new occurrences of the disease

C) The total number of cases of a disease in a population

D) None of these is correct

Answer: B

Section:

Learning Objective: Define epidemiology and explain how epidemiology affects health care.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

130) What is prevalence of disease?

A) The study of how disease affects the overall health and well-being of a population

B) The number of new occurrences of the disease

C) The total number of cases of a disease in a population

D) None of these is correct

Answer: C

Section:

Learning Objective: Define epidemiology and explain how epidemiology affects health care.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

131) How does epidemiology affect healthcare?

A) Epidemiology helps healthcare providers prevent the spread of disease

B) Epidemiology helps healthcare providers treat disease

C) Epidemiology helps healthcare providers diagnose disease

D) All of these answers are correct

Answer: D

Explanation: Epidemiology is the study of how disease affects the overall health and well-being of a population. Studying the factors that affect disease allows for more concentrated efforts toward diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define epidemiology and explain how epidemiology affects health care.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

132) Which statement about the Spanish flu is false?

A) The Spanish flu occurred in 1819.

B) The Spanish flu claimed over 50 million lives worldwide.

C) The Spanish flu infected one-third of the world’s population.

D) The Spanish flu is considered a pandemic.

Answer: A

Explanation: The Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 claimed the lives of over 50 million people worldwide and infected an estimated one-third of the world’s population.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define epidemiology and explain how epidemiology affects health care.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

133) Which of the following accounts for about 48% of all deaths in the United States?

A) Heart disease and cancer

B) Diabetes

C) Arthritis

D) Obesity

Answer: A

Explanation: Heart disease, cancer, and stroke account for more than 50% of all deaths in the United States.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define epidemiology and explain how epidemiology affects health care.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

134) Which of the following is responsible for causing disability for more than 22 million adults in the United States?

A) Heart disease and cancer

B) Diabetes

C) Arthritis

D) Obesity

Answer: B

Explanation: Diabetes is the most common disability, limiting activity for more than 19 million adults in the United States.

Section:

Learning Objective: Define epidemiology and explain how epidemiology affects health care.

Bloom’s: 1. Remember

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

135) When considering developmental disorders, when does the damage to the brain that causes the disability occur?

A) Prenatally

B) Perinatally

C) Postnatally

D) Damage to the brain can occur prenatally, perinatally, or postnatally.

Answer: D

Explanation: Brain damage that causes developmental disorders can occur prenatally, perinatally, or postnatally.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the two classifications of disease and the subcategories of each.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Discuss implications for disease and disability when homeostasis is not maintained

136) Which statement about pain is true?

A) A pain scale allows patients to rank their pain.

B) Pain can be measured.

C) Pain is an objective sign of disease.

D) Pain always disappears on its own.

Answer: A

Explanation: A pain scale is used for patients to rank their level of pain but because pain is a symptom, it cannot be measured.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

137) What purpose do mediators of inflammation serve?

A) They cause injured tissue to swell.

B) They cause blood vessels to dilate.

C) They cause pain at the site of the injury.

D) They cause redness at the site of the injury.

Answer: B

Explanation: The damaged tissues produce chemicals called mediators of inflammation, which diffuse away from the damaged area and cause any blood vessels they meet to dilate.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 4. Analyze

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

138) Which of the following is not a symptom of inflammation?

A) Numbness

B) Redness

C) Heat

D) Swelling

Answer: A

Explanation: Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are signs of inflammation.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

139) Which of the following does not happen during inflammation?

A) The damaged tissues produce chemicals called mediators of inflammation.

B) Blood vessels become more permeable.

C) Fluid from the blood leaks out into the surrounding damaged tissue.

D) Blood flow to the area is decreased.

Answer: D

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 3. Apply

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

140) How does the body’s immune system respond to an injury that allows bacteria and pathogens to enter tissue under the skin?

A) Pain

B) Anaphylaxis

C) Inflammation

D) The body’s immune system does not respond to this type of injury.

Answer: C

Explanation: The body’s immune response to invasion by pathogens is inflammation.

Section:

Learning Objective: Explain the function of pain and inflammation.

Bloom’s: 2. Understand

CAAHEP: Analyze pathology as it relates to the interaction of body systems

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Test Bank Anatomy, Physiology, & Disease 2nd Edition By Deborah Roiger

Test Bank Anatomy, Physiology, & Disease 2nd Edition By Deborah Roiger

Anatomy, Physiology, & Disease, 2e (Roiger)

Chapter 1 The Basics

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